A Canadian study permit allows international students to pursue full-time education at a Designated Learning Institution (DLI). For many immigrants, a study permit is the first step toward a PGWP, Canadian work experience, and eventually permanent residence.
Who Needs a Study Permit?
Most foreign nationals studying in Canada for more than six months at a DLI need a study permit. Short programs (under six months) may be completed on a visitor visa, but if your program exceeds six months, you need a study permit before you arrive. Citizens of a few countries are exempt from the study permit requirement, but this is rare — check IRCC's country-specific guidance for your nationality.
Step 1: Get Accepted to a DLI
Before applying for a study permit, you need a valid acceptance letter from a Designated Learning Institution — a school officially approved by a Canadian province or territory to host international students. All Canadian universities and most colleges are DLIs. Vocational schools and some private institutions may or may not be DLIs — verify on IRCC's DLI list before accepting an offer. Your acceptance letter must include the program name, start and end dates, and the DLI name and number.
Applying for Your Study Permit
Apply online through the IRCC portal. Required documents include: valid passport, DLI acceptance letter, proof of financial support (covering tuition fees, living expenses for the first year, and return transportation), digital photos, biometrics (if required), Statement of Purpose (an optional but often beneficial letter explaining your study plans and intentions to return home after completion), and language test results if required by your DLI or stream.
The application fee is $150 CAD. Processing times vary significantly by country of citizenship, application completeness, biometrics, medical or security checks, and IRCC inventory. Apply early — ideally six to twelve months before your program start date when possible — and confirm the latest processing estimate directly with IRCC before making travel or housing commitments.
2026 update: Canada continues to manage study permit volumes through yearly caps and provincial or territorial allocations. IRCC’s 2026 notice expects up to 408,000 study permits, including extensions and newly arriving students. Applicants should verify whether they need a PAL/TAL and whether their institution/program supports their study and post-graduation goals.
Student Direct Stream (SDS) Status
The Student Direct Stream is closed. IRCC ended SDS and Nigeria Student Express on November 8, 2024 at 2 p.m. ET. Study permit applications submitted on or after that time are processed through the regular study permit stream. Students should still prepare strong proof of funds, a credible study plan, DLI documentation, and any required PAL/TAL, but they should not rely on SDS timing or eligibility rules for a new 2026 application.
Working During Your Studies
Most eligible full-time international students at DLIs can work up to 24 hours per week off campus during regular academic sessions and unlimited hours during scheduled breaks, as long as they continue to meet the conditions of their study permit. On-campus work may also be allowed if the study permit includes work authorization. Work experience gained during studies can support a future immigration strategy, but PGWP and CEC eligibility depend on separate IRCC rules.
After Graduation
The most important aspect of a Canadian study permit from an immigration perspective: after completing a qualifying program, you can apply for a Post-Graduation Work Permit (PGWP), allowing you to work in Canada for up to three years. This work experience then becomes the foundation for Express Entry or a provincial nominee program. The study-PGWP-PR pathway is one of the most reliable immigration routes to Canada.